Pioneering Fund Stages Second Act

The founder of Renaissance Technologies LLC, one of the most successful hedge-fund companies ever, is trying to pull off a feat few other investment impresarios have managed: passing the torch.

James Simons, the secretive mathematician and Cold War code breaker who founded the firm in 1982, stepped down as chief executive in January. A pioneer in utilizing powerful computers to comb markets for trading opportunities, Mr. Simons has long received credit for the firm's hefty returns.

Now Peter Brown and Bob Mercer, two lieutenants of Mr. Simons all but unknown to the investing world, must steer the firm through challenging waters. The firm's main funds open to outside investors have posted mediocre results, and Messrs. Brown and Mercer, who are co-CEOs, say they are mulling whether to shut them down.

Mr. Simons made his reputation on his signature fund, called Medallion, which has posted average returns of about 45% a year, after fees, since its inception in 1988. Since 1995, it has had only one money-losing quarter, slipping 0.5% in the first quarter of 1999, according to documents reviewed by The Wall Street Journal. Medallion's returns have outpaced those of Warren Buffett, whose Berkshire Hathaway Inc. has gained roughly 20% a year since Mr. Buffett took over in 1965.

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The Alpha Hedge Fund Hall of Fame

Fourteen men whose power and influence have helped to create a $2 trillion industry.

When it comes to sheer financial power and influence, the hedge fund industry has few rivals. Since 1990, hedge funds have grown from a $40 billion cottage business into a nearly $2 trillion global industry. Rarely does a day pass without a hedge fund manager or two making headlines for their latest exploits.

To honor the people behind this phenomenon, we have created the Alpha Hedge Fund Hall of Fame. The first 14 inductees have all had an outsize impact on the hedge fund industry, enjoyed spectacular long-term success and displayed tremendous originality, starting with Alfred Winslow Jones, the inventor of the modern hedge fund. James Simons is on a 20-year roll of 40 percent returns. Bruce Kovner made commodities trading a hot pursuit. George Soros’ larger-than-life adventures put hedge funds on the map, and Kenneth Griffin intends to ensure they stay there. Michael Steinhardt and Steven Cohen brought credibility to short-term trading. Paul Tudor Jones II is the macro trader writ large, Seth Klarman is the premier value sleuth, Leon Levy and Jack Nash pioneered the modern multistrategy fund, and Louis Bacon is the risk manager’s risk manager. Where they blazed trails, others followed — not least the “cubs” sent skittering into the investment world by Tiger Management Corp.’s Julian Robertson Jr. Some of the most influential figures aren’t managers at all, like Yale University’s David Swensen, who made the road less traveled acceptable.

Interview Transcripts:
June 24: Bruce Kovner, James Simons
June 25: Julian Robertson, George Soros, Michael Steinhardt
June 26: Kenneth Griffin, Seth Klarman, David Swensen
June 27: Steven Cohen, Leon Levy, Jack Nash
June 30: Louis Bacon, Alfred Winslow Jones, Paul Tudor Jones

SEED INTERVIEW: JAMES SIMONS

James Simons is sometimes referred to as 'Elvis' within hedge fund circles. He's the king, and you always know when he's left the building.

If you haven't heard of him, it's because he deliberately maintains a low profile. In Simon's business, secrecy is the key to abiding success. But, when rumors spread in 2005 that he was starting a new $100 billion hedge fund, people outside of his field also began to take notice of him.

Complete Interview